A team of European researchers has developed an innovative new method of drug delivery – the teeth. Intellidrug is a dental prosthesis fitted into two artificial molars, and it automatically releases a precise dosage of medicine on a continuous basis. This is a significant advancement for patients who need a constant level of medication in the blood, such as those with diabetes or high blood pressure. The system will also help minimize side effects that occur when a drug is released in peak concentrations, as it is with oral delivery.

Dr. Oliver Scholz of the Fraunhofer Institute for BioMedical Engineering, one of the 15 research bodies involved in the project, describes how it works: “The dental prosthesis consists of a drug-filled reservoir, a valve, two sensors and several electronic components,” he explains. “Saliva enters the reservoir via a membrane, dissolves part of the solid drug and flows through a small duct into the mouth cavity, where it is absorbed by the mucous membranes in the patient’s cheeks.” A flow sensor monitors how much drug solution has been administered, and a fill-level sensor measures the concentration of the drug in the reservoir. Based on these measurements, an electronic system opens or closes the valve, controlling the dosage that is released. Dosage can be modified through a remote control, which also alerts patient and doctor when the reservoir is empty. 

Human trials are currently underway, and the research team estimates that the device will be available in 2010. There has been no commentary on the practical concerns the device seems to raise, among them considerations for patients who still have their teeth as well as the potential inconvenience of having the device regularly refilled.  Reports state that the device could one day be controlled by using your cell phone.